Description

Shallow mineral resources include ores; metallic minerals such as copper and iron; non-metallic minerals such as salt and gypsum; sediments such as sand, clay, gravel and loam; and hard rocks. Exploitation of these resources at the surface and in the shallow subsurface may involve quarrying and opencast mining, or shallow underground mining.

Category

Category of FEP

Geosynthesis

Sub-category

Sub-category of FEP

Human-induced events (above host rock)

Ondraf Niras FEP Number

Ondraf Niras FEP Number

4

FEP Effects

Description of FEP Effects

Reduced overlying rock mass (extraction of material; removal of overburden). Collapse and subsidence of overburden. Changes in groundwater flow pattern.

Reference(s)

References Relevant to FEP

RD&D Plan ER-186_I1

NEA TN2 IFEP Reference(s)

Related IFEPs from the NEA TN2 List of Proposed IFEP Revisions [NEA/RWM/R(2013)8]

1.4.6 Mining and other underground activities. 1.4.8 Surface environment.