NAGRA Opalinus Clay (…002 - Version 1
FEP 17.1.5 Tundra climate

A tundra climate is characterised by low mean annual temperatures which result in a short growing season. The soil is often waterlogged because of a layer of permafrost (permanently frozen ground) which melts to some extent depending on the summer temperatures. The vegetation is dominated by herbaceous plants, lichens and mosses and the cover may be incomplete. Such conditions occur around an ice sheet in those areas which are not glaciated. At present such a climate is typical of subarctic regions in the northern hemisphere.