4. METHOD OF SOLUTION
1. Alpha decay. Kinetic energies of the alpha particles and the associated recoil nuclei are computed using conservation of energy and momentum principles. The input data consist of the ground-state Q value, the various excitation energies of the levels in the daughter nuclide at which the alpha transitions end, and the corresponding alpha intensities.
2. Beta decay. The average energies of the beta particles and the emitted continuous spectra are calculated using the Fermi theory of beta decay with the input of additional data to determine the forbiddenness of the beta spectra.
3. Electron-Capture decay. The distribution of primary vacancies created in the various atomic shells and subshells as a result of the electron-capture process are calculated using the K/L/M capture ratios.
4. Internal conversion of gamma rays. This is a process by which the energy of a transition between two states of a nucleus is transferred to an orbital electron. The distribution of the primary vacancies in the various atomic shells and the energies and intensities of conversion electrons are calculated.
5. X-ray and Auger-electron intensities and energies. Intensities of X rays and Auger electrons are obtained using the numbers of primary vacancies in the various subshells for electron capture or for internal conversion of electrons.
6. Spontaneous fission. The fission decay fraction, the number of neutrons emitted per fission, the mass number of the parent nuclide, and the atomic number of the parent nuclide are used to compute intensities and energies for spontaneous fission fragments, neutrons, beta particles, prompt gamma rays, and delayed gamma rays. 7. Bremsstrahlung radiation. Bremsstrahlung spectra associated with beta particles and monoenergetic conversion and Auger electrons are calculated.
