Integral Experiments Data, Databases, Benchmarks and Safety Joint Projects
CSNI2043 HYMERES-1.
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CSNI2043 HYMERES-1.

HYMERES-1, Hydrogen Mitigation Experiments for Reactor Safety Project, phase 1

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1. NAME

OECD/NEA HYMERES Project Phase 1

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2. COMPUTERS

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Program name Package id Status Status date
HYMERES-1 CSNI2043/01 Arrived 20-APR-2021

Machines used:

Package ID Orig. computer Test computer
CSNI2043/01 Many Computers
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3. DESCRIPTION

HYMERES phases

 

First phase (2013-2016)

 

The main objective of the first phase of the Hydrogen Mitigation Experiments for Reactor Safety (HYMERES) Project is to improve understanding of hydrogen risk phenomenology in containment in order to enhance its modelling in support of safety assessments that were performed for current and new nuclear power plants (NPPs). With respect to previous projects related to hydrogen risk, the HYMERES project introduces three elements:

 

Tests addressing realistic flow conditions – This will provide crucial information in the evaluation of the basic computational and modelling requirements (mesh size, turbulent models, etc.) needed to analyze a real nuclear plant.

Tests addressing the interaction of safety components – In general, previous investigations have focused on the activation of one safety component (spray, cooler, Passive Autocatalytic Recombiner (PAR), etc.) and showed their benefits and drawbacks. In the project, the proposal was to study different combinations of safety elements, e.g. the thermal effects created by two PARs, spray and cooler, spray and opening hatches, etc., operating simultaneously. The specification for the design of the safety components (e.g. full cone vs. hollow cone for sprays, PAR simulator power source time history, cooler design, etc.) was defined based on consensus among the project participants.

Reviews of system behaviour for select cases – In certain reactor types (e.g. various BWR, PWR or PHWRs designs), the hydrogen concentration build-up in the containment depends on the responses of different components in the system.

Consequently, investigations for safety-relevant system behaviour related to BWRs, PWRs or PHWRs were proposed in the HYMERES Project. The knowledge to be gained from the project will contribute to the improvement of the severe accident management (SAM) measures for mitigating hydrogen risks. The test series proposed within the HYMERES Agreement, have been carefully defined, considering the operating agent's experience in other NEA projects (e.g. SETH).

 

As identified in the SETH-2 seminar, a need for further research and to address important issues and questions raised by different countries and organisations during the HYMERES expert meeting on 14 September 2011, were taken into account. The HYMERES project is specifically aimed at topics of high safety relevance for both existing and future nuclear power plants.

 

Facilities Description

The unique and complementary features of the PANDA and MISTRA facilities, e.g. different size and configuration, will enable the full complement of measured parameters, configurations and scales to be explored, thus enhancing the value of the data in regard to code improvements.

 

PANDA is operated by PSI and is a unique, large-scale, multi-purpose facility that is well suited for performing thermal hydraulics experiments for investigating integral containment system response during accidents, and also for studying multi-compartment 3D effects related to LWRs. The design and scaling of the facility were originally based on the 670 MWe Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (SBWR) design from General Electric. Full vertical heights are preserved, at a volume scaling of 1:25. The complex containment volumes of the SBWR design together with its Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV), are simulated by six cylindrical pressure vessels. Drywell and suppression (wetwell) pools are represented by two interconnected vessels. The total volume of the vessels and pools is about 520 m3, and the height of the facility is 25 m. All PANDA components are all made of stainless steel. The facility is thermally insulated with 20 cm of rock wool, and the heat loss characteristics for the individual vessels were experimentally determined. The 115 heater elements installed in the lower part of the RPV provide a maximum power of 1.5 MW, also scaled to 1:25 (at decay heat level). The maximum operating conditions of PANDA are 10 bars and 200°C.

 

MISTRA is a large experimental facility belonging to the CEA and located at Saclay nuclear research centre, devoted to containment thermal-hydraulics and hydrogen risk. The containment is a stainless-steel cylindrical vessel with an internal volume of 97.6 m3 and comprises two shells, a flat cap and a bottom, which are joined by twin flanges. The height and inner diameter of the vessel are 7.38 m and 4.25 m, respectively. These dimensions correspond to a linear length scale ratio of 0.1 in relation to a typical French PWR containment. The thickness of the vessel walls varies from 25 mm at the bottom and 15 mm at the vertical walls to 120 mm for the lid of the vessel. The outside of the vessel is insulated by 20 cm of Rockwool. Three so-called condensers are inserted into the MISTRA vessel along the vertical walls. Each condenser is an open cylinder, with an inner diameter of 3.82 m, which is slightly less than the inner vessel diameter of 4.25 m. The condensers share the same vertical axis with the vessel walls and are located on top of each other, with some spacing in the vertical direction. Until 2004, MISTRA test series were based on a free gaseous volume configuration. The facility was then modified to accommodate compartments, in order to divide the internal volume of the MISTRA vessel into two distinct volumes — upper and lower. The compartment consists of a vertical cylinder, which is closed at the bottom and is fitted with a ring plate. The internal diameter of this cylinder is 1.906 m and its height is 4.219 m. The bottom of the compartment is at an elevation of 1.245 m from the vessel bottom, while the top of the compartment is at an elevation of 5.464 m. The compartment walls are about 3 mm thick. The ring plate is a steel plate positioned horizontally at an elevation of 3.658 m, with an outer radius of 1.728 m. As the condenser inner radius is about 1.910 m, there is, therefore, a gap between the ring plate and the middle condenser. Thus, gas can flow from upper to lower volume, or vice-versa, but this flow path is partially obstructed by the presence of the lower part of the middle condenser. This compartmented configuration allows several possibilities for injection: two vertical in the lower area, centred and off-centred; one vertical at the level of the ring plate with a chimney; and several radial injection points at different locations (four per level). The maximum operating conditions of MISTRA are 6 bars and 200°C. Various auxiliary systems are available for controlling initial and boundary test conditions.

 

The PANDA and MISTRA instrumentation is comprehensive in term of both spatial and temporal resolution. Therefore, the high-quality experimental data that will be created in the Project can be used for improving the modelling capabilities of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and advanced Lumped Parameter (LP) computer codes designed to predict post-accident, thermal-hydraulics conditions in containments, and thus enhance the confidence in their use for plant analysis. The Operating Agents would also consider during the Project new experiments in response to specific participant requests.

 

Project participants: Canada, China, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, India, Japan, Russian Federation, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland.

 

The distribution of this package is restricted and subject to prior approval.

 

For more detailed information visit https://www.oecd-nea.org/jcms/pl_24982/hydrogen-mitigation-experiments-for-reactor-safety-hymeres-project

 

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9. STATUS
Package ID Status date Status
CSNI2043/01 20-APR-2021 Masterfiled restricted
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10. REFERENCES
CSNI2043/01, included references:
- D. Paladino, R. Kapulla, S. Paranjape, G. Mignot, M. Andreani, M. Fehlmann,
S. Suter (PSI ) and E. Studer, D. Abdo, J. Alengry , G. Bernard-Michel, J.
Brinster, B. Cariteau, F. Dabbene, Ph. Debesse, O. Norvez, J.L. Widloecher
(CEA), M. Ishigaki, S. Abe (JAEA):
OECD HYMERES Project PANDA and MISTRA experiments, Resolve complex safety
relevant issues related to hydrogen release in nuclear power plant containments
during a postulated severe accident, Final Report (June 2017)
- D. Paladino, R. Kapulla, S. Paranjape, G. Mignot, M. Andreani, M. Fehlmann,
S. Suter (PSI ) and  E. Studer, D. Abdo, J. Alengry , G. Bernard-Michel, J.
Brinster, B. Cariteau, F. Dabbene, Ph. Debesse, O. Norvez, J.L. Widloecher
(CEA), M. Ishigaki, S. Abe (JAEA):
OECD HYMERES Project PANDA and MISTRA experiments, Resolve complex safety
relevant issues related to hydrogen release in nuclear power plant containments
during a postulated severe accident, Executive Summary
- List of OECD/NEA HYMERES project PANDA reports (2017)
- D. Abdo, J. Brinster, O. Norvez, J.L. Widloecher, E. Studer:
OECD/NEA HYMERES Project: MISTRA facility description (NT/13-017A, July 2014)
- E. Studer and J. Brinster:
OECD/NEA HYMERES Project: proposal of scoping calculations for the HM2-0
reference test (NT/13-037/A, June 2013)
- Quick-look reports for MISTRA HM1-1 test NT/16-005/A and NT/16-006/A (2016)
- Quick-look reports for MISTRA HM1-2 test NT/17-010/A and NT/17-012/A (2016)
- Quick-look reports for MISTRA HM1-3 test NT/16-019/A and NT/16-020/A (2016)
- Quick-look reports for MISTRA HM1-4 test NT/16-021/A and NT/16-022/A (2016)
- Quick-look reports for MISTRA HM2-0 test NT/14-006/B and NT/14-007/B (2014)
- Quick-look reports for MISTRA HM2-1 test NT/14-011/A and NT/14-013/A (2014)
- Quick-look reports for MISTRA HM2-2 test NT/14-014/A and NT/14-015/A (2014)
- Quick-look reports for MISTRA HM3-1 test NT/14-022/A and NT/14-023/A (2014)
- Quick-look reports for MISTRA HM3-2 test NT/14-024/A and NT/14-025/A (2014)
- Quick-look reports for MISTRA HM3-3 test NT/14-026/A and NT/14-031/A (2014)
- MISTRA test specifications: HM1-1 Benchmark Specifications NT/15-028/A and B
(2015)
- HM1-2 to HM1-4 Test Specifications NT/16-039/A (2016)
- Specifications of HM2 test series NT/13-018/A and B (2013)
- Specifications of HM3 test series NT/14-003/A (2014)
- MISTRA Synthesis Reports: HM1 series report NT/17-014/A (2017)
- Synthesis of HM2 series RT/15-023/A (2015)
- Synthesis of HM3 series RT/16-052/A (2016)
- G. Mignot, R. Kapulla, S. Paranjape, R. Zboray, M. Fehlmann, W. Bissels, S.
Suter and D. Palatino:
OECD-NEA/HYMERES project: PANDA test facility description and geometrical
specifications (P-13-03, September 2013)
- M. Andreani, D. Paladino:
OECD/NEA HYMERES project: proposal of scoping calculations for the Jet/plume
interacting with flow obstruction (series HP1-a) (P-13-01, April 2013)
- M. Andreani, D. Paladino:
OECD/NEA HYMERES project: proposal of scoping calculations for vertical jet
tests (series HP1-b) (P-13-04, October 2013)
- M. Andreani, G. Mignot, D. Paladino, D. Papini:
HYMERES project: proposal of scoping calculations for tests with heat sources
(series HP2 and HP3) (P-15-23, September 2015)
- M. Andreani, D. Paladino:
OECD/NEA HYMERES project: scoping calculations for tests addressing natural
circulation (series HP6) (P-16-27, March 2016)
- D. Palatino, G. Mignot, S. Paranjape, R. Kapulla, M. Fehlmann, S. Suter, R.
Zboray, W. Bissels, M. Andreani and M. Sharabi:
OECD/HYMERES project: Definition of PANDA tests belonging to the "Jet/plume
interacting with flow obstruction" series (P-13-02, September 2013)
- D. Paladino, G. Mignot, S. Paranjape, R. Kapulla, M. Fehlmann, S. Suter, M.
Andreani, M. Sharabi, J. Brinster (CEA) and E. Studer (CEA):
OECD/HYMERES project: Definition of PANDA Test HP1_1 and MISTRA HM1_1 belonging
to the "Jet/plume interacting with flow obstruction series" (P-14-06,March 2014)
- D. Palatino, G. Mignot, S. Paranjape, R. Kapulla, M. Fehlmann, S. Suter, R.
Zboray, W. Bissels, M. Andreani and M. Sharabi:
OECD/HYMERES project: Definition of PANDA HP1_6, HP1_7 and HP1_8 tests
belonging to the "Jet/plume interacting with flow obstruction" series (P-14-07,
April 2014)
- D. Paladino, G. Mignot, S. Paranjape, R. Kapulla, M. Fehlmann, S. Suter, M.
Andreani:
OECD/HYMERES project: definition of PANDA HP2_1, HP2_2, HP3_1 tests belonging
to the heat source(s) with flow obstruction series (P-16-30, May 2016)
- D. Palatino, G. Mignot, S. Paranjape, R. Kapulla, M. Fehlmann, S. Suter, M.
Andreani:
OECD/HYMERES project: Definition of PANDA HP4_1, HP4_2, HP4_3, HP4_4 tests
belonging to the spray and cooler activation series (P-14-9, September 2014)
- D. Paladino, G. Mignot, S. Paranjape, R. Kapulla, M. Fehlmann, S. Suter:
OECD/HYMERES project: definition of PANDA HP5_1, HP5_2, HP5_3, HP5_4, HP5_5,
HP5_6, HP5_7 tests belonging to the thermal stratification in water pool series
(P-15-24, September 2015)
- D. Paladino, G. Mignot, S. Paranjape, R. Kapulla, M. Fehlmann, S. Suter, M.
Andreani:
OECD/HYMERES project: definition of PANDA HP6_1, HP6_2 tests belonging to the
natural circulation flow induced by opening of hatches series (P16-37, November
2016)
- R. Kapulla, G. Mignot, S. Paranjape, S. Suter, M. Fehlmann and D. Paladino:
OECD/NEA HYMERES project: Jet/Plume Interacting with Flow Obstruction, HP1
Series, Test Series Report (P-15-26, November 2015)
- S. Paranjape, R. Kapulla, G. Mignot, M. Fehlmann, S. Suter and D. Paladino:
OECD/NEA HYMERES project: Heat Sources with Flow Obstruction HP2 and HP3
Series, Test Series Report (P-17-42, May 2017)
- G. Mignot, R. Kapulla, S. Paranjape, S. Suter, M. Fehlmann and D. Paladino:
OECD/NEA HYMERES project: Cooler/Spray interaction, HP4 series, Test Series
Report (P-17-43, March 2017)
- R. Kapulla, S. Paranjape, G. Mignot, S. Suter, M. Fehlmann and D. Paladino:
OECD/NEA HYMERES project: Thermal stratification evolution in a water pool,
HP5  series, Test Series Report (P-16-36, November 2016)
- R. Kapulla, G. Mignot, S. Paranjape, S. Suter, M. Fehlmann and D. Paladino:
OECD/NEA HYMERES project: Natural circulation flow, HP6 series, Combined Data
and Series Report (P-17-44, March 2017)
- S. Paranjape, M. Fehlmann, R. Kapulla, G. Mignot, S. Suter and D. Paladino:
PANDA Tests Quick-Look Reports: Tests HP1_1_2 (P-14-13, January 2014), HP1_2
(P-14-01, April 2014), HP1_3 (P-14-08, May 2014), HP1_4 (P-14-10, August 2014),
HP1_5 (P-14-11, September 2014), HP1_6_2 (P-14-20, May 2015), HP1_6_0, HP1_7_0,
HP1_8_0 and HP1_678_Disk Data Report (P-15-25, October 2015), HP1_7 (P-15-15,
Januar 2015), HP1_8 (P-15-16, January 2015), HP2_0 (P-17-38, May 2017), HP2_1_2
(P-17-39, March 2017), HP2_2_2 (P-17-40, March 2017), HP3_1_5 (P-17-41, March
2017), HP4_0 (P-15-18, April 2015), HP4_1 (P-15-19, June 2015), HP4_2_2
(P-15-17, July 2015), HP4_3 (P-15-21, August 2015), HP4_4 (P-15-22, August
2015), HP5_1_2 (P-16-28, April 2016), HP5_2 (P-16-29, July 2016), HP5_3
(P-16-31, July 2016), HP5_4 (P-16-32, July 2016), HP5_5 (P-16-33, July 2016),
HP5_6 (P-16-34, July 2016), HP5_7 (P-16-35, July 2016)
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12. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE(S) USED
No specified programming language
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15. NAME AND ESTABLISHMENT OF AUTHORS

Paul Scherrer Institute

5232 Villigen PSI

Switzerland

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16. MATERIAL AVAILABLE
CSNI2043/01
HYMERES Final Report
HYMERES Executive Summary
PANDA List of Deliverables and Publications
MISTRA Experimental Data
MISTRA reports: facility description, proposal of scoping calculations, quick
look reports, test specifications, synthesis reports
PANDA Experimental Data:
-HP1 Series: Jet/plume Interacting with Flow Obstructions
-HP2 and HP3 Series: Heat Sources with Flow Obstructions
-HP4 Series: Cooler and Spray Activation
-HP5 Series: Thermal Stratification in a Water Pool
-HP6 Series: Natural Circulation Flow
PANDA reports: facility description report, proposal of scoping calculations,
definition of test conditions, series reports, quick look reports
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17. CATEGORIES
  • Y. Integral Experiments Data, Databases, Benchmarks

Keywords: accident analysis, containment, flow conditions, fuel, hydrogen, mitigation, reactor safety, risk assessment, safety assessment, thermal hydraulics.