IAEA1388 FOTELP-2K6.
FOTELP-2K6, Photons, Electrons and Positrons Transport in 3D by Monte Carlo Techniques
NAME OR DESIGNATION OF PROGRAM, COMPUTER, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM OR FUNCTION, METHODS, RESTRICTIONS ON THE COMPLEXITY OF THE PROBLEM, TYPICAL RUNNING TIME, UNUSUAL FEATURES, RELATED OR AUXILIARY PROGRAMS, STATUS, REFERENCES, REQUIREMENTS, LANGUAGE, SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS, OTHER RESTRICTIONS, NAME AND ESTABLISHMENT OF AUTHORS, MATERIAL, CATEGORIES
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| Program name | Package id | Status | Status date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FOTELP-2K6 | IAEA1388/05 | Testing in progress | 12-JAN-2010 |
Machines used:
| Package ID | Orig. computer | Test computer |
|---|---|---|
| IAEA1388/05 | Linux-based PC,PC Windows |
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3. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM OR FUNCTION
FOTELP-2K6 is a new compact general purpose version of the previous FOTELP-2K3 code designed to simulate the transport of photons, electrons and positrons through three-dimensional material and sources geometry by Monte Carlo techniques, using subroutine package PENGEOM from the PENELOPE 2006 code under Linux-based and Windows OS. This new version includes routine TIMER for obtaining starting random number and for measuring the time of simulation.
FOTELP-2K6 is a new compact general purpose version of the previous FOTELP-2K3 code designed to simulate the transport of photons, electrons and positrons through three-dimensional material and sources geometry by Monte Carlo techniques, using subroutine package PENGEOM from the PENELOPE 2006 code under Linux-based and Windows OS. This new version includes routine TIMER for obtaining starting random number and for measuring the time of simulation.
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4. METHODS
Physical rigor is maximized by employing the best available cross sections and high speed routines for random values sampling from their distributions, and the most complete physical model for describing the transport and production of the photon/electron/positron cascade from 100.0 MeV down to 1.0 keV. FOTELP-2K6 is developed for numerical experiments by Monte Carlo techniques for dosimetry, radiation damage, radiation therapy and other actual applications of these particles.
For the photon history, the trajectory is generated by following it from scattering to scattering using corresponding inverse distribution between collision, types of target, types of collisions, types of secondaries, their energy and scattering angles. Photon interactions are coherent scattering, incoherent scattering, photoelectric absorption and pair production. Doppler broadening in Compton scattering are taken. The histories of secondary photons include bremsstrahlung and positron-electron annihilation radiation.
The condensed history Monte Carlo method is used for the electron and positron transport simulation. During a history the particles lose energy in collisions, and the secondary particles are generated on the step according to the probabilities for their occurrence. Electron (positron) energy loss is through inelastic electron-electron (e-, e-) and positron-electron (e+, e-) collisions and bremsstrahlung generation. The fluctuation of energy loss (straggling) is included according to the Landau's or Blunk-Westphal distributions with 9 gaussians. The secondary electrons, which follow history of particles, include knock-on, pair production, Compton and photoelectric electrons. The secondary positrons, which follow pair production, are included, too. With atomic data, the electron and positron Monte Carlo simulation is broadened to treat atomic ion relaxation after photo-effect and impact ionization. Flexibility of the codes permits them to be tailored to specific applications and allows the capabilities of the codes to be extended to more complex applications, especially in radiotherapy in voxelized geometry using CT data (http://www.vin.bg.ac.yu/~rasa/hopa.htm).
Physical rigor is maximized by employing the best available cross sections and high speed routines for random values sampling from their distributions, and the most complete physical model for describing the transport and production of the photon/electron/positron cascade from 100.0 MeV down to 1.0 keV. FOTELP-2K6 is developed for numerical experiments by Monte Carlo techniques for dosimetry, radiation damage, radiation therapy and other actual applications of these particles.
For the photon history, the trajectory is generated by following it from scattering to scattering using corresponding inverse distribution between collision, types of target, types of collisions, types of secondaries, their energy and scattering angles. Photon interactions are coherent scattering, incoherent scattering, photoelectric absorption and pair production. Doppler broadening in Compton scattering are taken. The histories of secondary photons include bremsstrahlung and positron-electron annihilation radiation.
The condensed history Monte Carlo method is used for the electron and positron transport simulation. During a history the particles lose energy in collisions, and the secondary particles are generated on the step according to the probabilities for their occurrence. Electron (positron) energy loss is through inelastic electron-electron (e-, e-) and positron-electron (e+, e-) collisions and bremsstrahlung generation. The fluctuation of energy loss (straggling) is included according to the Landau's or Blunk-Westphal distributions with 9 gaussians. The secondary electrons, which follow history of particles, include knock-on, pair production, Compton and photoelectric electrons. The secondary positrons, which follow pair production, are included, too. With atomic data, the electron and positron Monte Carlo simulation is broadened to treat atomic ion relaxation after photo-effect and impact ionization. Flexibility of the codes permits them to be tailored to specific applications and allows the capabilities of the codes to be extended to more complex applications, especially in radiotherapy in voxelized geometry using CT data (http://www.vin.bg.ac.yu/~rasa/hopa.htm).
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6. TYPICAL RUNNING TIME
The running time largely depends on the number of histories to be simulated, the kind of initial and cut-off energies of particles, and the considered geometry. The adopted parameters (energy cut-offs, geometry zones, etc.) also have an influence on the computing time.
For the cross-section generating, probabilities and inverse distributions calculation by FEPDAT code, on a Pentium IV with 1.67 MHz and 512 MB RAM, execution time is about five seconds for one material. For example, a pencil beam depth-dose distribution of 20 MeV electrons incident on a water phantom by simulation of 100,000 histories can be obtained with a running time of about 6 minutes on the same computer.
The running time largely depends on the number of histories to be simulated, the kind of initial and cut-off energies of particles, and the considered geometry. The adopted parameters (energy cut-offs, geometry zones, etc.) also have an influence on the computing time.
For the cross-section generating, probabilities and inverse distributions calculation by FEPDAT code, on a Pentium IV with 1.67 MHz and 512 MB RAM, execution time is about five seconds for one material. For example, a pencil beam depth-dose distribution of 20 MeV electrons incident on a water phantom by simulation of 100,000 histories can be obtained with a running time of about 6 minutes on the same computer.
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8. RELATED OR AUXILIARY PROGRAMS
- FEPDAT auxiliary program to generate probabilities distributions of photons, electrons and positrons, the PREGRAF program for 2D and 3D imaging data preparation, VoxView for 3D dose presentation and GVIEW2D and GVIEW3D programs for viewing and debugging the geometry input files.
- PENELOPE2006 (NEA-1525/12) which is available from the NEA Data Bank.
- FEPDAT auxiliary program to generate probabilities distributions of photons, electrons and positrons, the PREGRAF program for 2D and 3D imaging data preparation, VoxView for 3D dose presentation and GVIEW2D and GVIEW3D programs for viewing and debugging the geometry input files.
- PENELOPE2006 (NEA-1525/12) which is available from the NEA Data Bank.
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10. REFERENCES
- F.Salvat, J.M. Fernandez-Varea, and J.Sempau:
PENELOPE-2006, A Code System for Monte Carlo Simulation of Electron and
Photon Transport (July 2006), OECD ISBN 92-64-02301-1
- F.Salvat, J.M. Fernandez-Varea, and J.Sempau:
PENELOPE-2006, A Code System for Monte Carlo Simulation of Electron and
Photon Transport (July 2006), OECD ISBN 92-64-02301-1
IAEA1388/05, included references:
- Radovan D. Ilic:FOTELP-2K6 - Photons, Electrons and Positrons Monte Carlo Transport Simulation
User's manual, NET-87, Version PEN6 (July 2006)
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IAEA1388/05
FOT-DOC documentationFOTDAT cross sections and matetrial data
FOTELP all files for data preparation and MC simulation
PENGEOM geometry files and examples with viewers
TESTS test cases for Au/Al slab, Marinelli and water
FUTIL Penelope geometry viewers and VoxView code
Keywords: Monte Carlo method, calculations, doses, dosimetry, electrons, geometry, photons, radiotherapy, three-dimensional, transport.