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NEA-1857 PHITS-2.24.

PHITS-2.24, Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System

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1. NAME OR DESIGNATION OF PROGRAM:  PHITS, Version2.24.L
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2. COMPUTERS
To submit a request, click below on the link of the version you wish to order. Only liaison officers are authorised to submit online requests. Rules for requesters are available here.
Program name Package id Status Status date
PHITS-2.24 NEA-1857/01 Tested 29-MAR-2011

Machines used:

Package ID Orig. computer Test computer
NEA-1857/01 Linux-based PC,PC Windows,UNIX W.S. Linux-based PC
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3. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM OR FUNCTION

PHITS2 can deal with the transport of all particles (nucleons, nuclei, mesons, photons, and electrons) over wide energy ranges, using several nuclear reaction models and nuclear data libraries (Iwase et al 2002, Niita et al 2006, Sihver et al 2010 and Niita et al 2010). Geometrical configuration of the simulation can be set with GG (General Geometry) or CG (Combinatorial Geometry). Various quantities such as heat deposition, track length and production yields can be deduced from the simulation, using implemented estimator functions called "tally". The code also has a function to draw 2D and 3D figures of the calculated results as well as the setup geometries, using a code ANGEL.

The physical processes included in PHITS2 can be divided into two categories, transport process and collision process. In the transport process, PHITS2 can simulate motion of particles under external fields such as magnetic and gravity. Without the external fields, neutral particles move along a straight trajectory with constant energy up to the next collision point. However, charge particles interact many times with electrons in the material losing energy and changing direction. PHITS2 treats ionization processes not as collision but as a transport process, using the continuous-slowing-down approximation. The average stopping power is given by the charge density of the material and the momentum of the particle taking into account the fluctuations of the energy loss and the angular deviation.

In the collision process, PHITS2 can simulate the elastic and inelastic interactions as well as decay of particles. The total reaction cross section, or the life time of the particle is an essential quantity in the determination of the mean free path of the transport particle. According to the mean free path, PHITS2 chooses the next collision point using the Monte Carlo method. To generate the secondary particles of the collision, we need the information of the final states of the collision. For neutron induced reactions in low energy region, PHITS2 employs the cross sections from evaluated nuclear data libraries. For high energy neutrons and other particles, we have incorporated two models, JAM (Nara et al 1999) and JQMD (Niita et al 1995) to simulate the particle induced reactions up to 200 GeV and the nucleus-nucleus collisions, respectively.

The special features of PHITS2 are the event generator mode (Iwamoto et al 2007) and the microdosimetric function (Sato et al 2009). Owing to the event generator mode, PHITS2 can determine the profiles of all secondary particles generated from a single nuclear interaction even using nuclear data libraries, taking the momentum and energy conservations into account. The microdosimetric function gives the probability densities of deposition energy in microscopic sites such as lineal energy y and specific energy z, using the mathematical model developed based on the results of the track structure simulation. These features are very important for various purposes such as the estimations of soft-error rates of semi-conductor devices induced by neutrons, and relative biological effectiveness of charged particles.
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4. METHODS:  The Monte Carlo method is used.
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5. RESTRICTIONS ON THE COMPLEXITY OF THE PROBLEM

PHITS2 cannot be used for microscopic track-structure simulation, since PHITS2 adopts the continuous-slowing-down approximation for the ionization process of charged particle. The electron, positron and photon transport functions are available only when users obtained the data libraries for those particles by themselves, i.e. electron, positron and photon data libraries are not included in this package. The lepton induced nuclear reactions are disregarded except for the giant resonance induced by low-energy photon.
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6. TYPICAL RUNNING TIME

25 sec / 1,000 particles for "example01.in"
35 sec / 1,000 particles for "example02.in"
on Windows XP, Pentium IV 3.4GHz, 1.0GB RAM system.
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8. RELATED OR AUXILIARY PROGRAMS

The distribution package includes:
PHITS Station: JAVA application for executing PHITS2 on Windows PC.
ANGEL: graphic software to draw 2D and 3D figures of the calculated results as well as the setup geometries.
FSXLIB-J40: point-wise neutron reaction cross section data library (E<20MeV) in the Ace format based on Japanese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library version 4 (JENDL-4).
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9. STATUS
Package ID Status date Status
NEA-1857/01 29-MAR-2011 Tested at NEADB
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10. REFERENCES

- Y. Iwamoto, K. Niita, Y. Sakamoto, T. Sato and N. Matsuda: "Validation of the event generator mode in the PHITS code and its application" International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology 2007, DOI: 10.1051/ndata:07417 (2007)
- H. Iwase, K. Niita, T. Nakamura: "Development of general-purpose particle and heavy ion transport Monte Carlo code", J. Nucl. Sci. and Technol. 39, 1142 (2002).
- Y. Nara, N. Otuka, A. Ohnishi, K. Niita, S. Chiba: "Relativistic nuclear collisions at 10A GeV energies from p+Be to Au+Au with the hadronic cascade model", Phys. Rev. C61, 024901 (1999).
- K. Niita, T. Sato, H. Iwase, H. Nose, H. Nakashima, L. Sihver: "PHITS- a particle and heavy ion transport code system", Radiation Measurements 41, 1080 (2006).
- K. Niita, S. Chiba, T. Maruyama, H. Takada, T. Fukahori, Y. Nakahara and A. Iwamoto: "Analysis of the (N,xN') reactions by quantum molecular dynamics plus statistical decay model", Phys. Rev. C 52, 2620 (1995)
- T. Sato, Y. Kase, R. Watanabe, K. Niita and L. Sihver: "Biological dose estimation for charged-particle therapy using an improved PHITS code coupled with a microdosimetric kinetic model", Radiat. Res. 171, 107-117 (2009)
- L. Sihver, T. Sato, K. Gustafsson, D. Mancusi, H. Iwase, K. Niita, H. Nakashima, Y. Sakamoto, Y. Iwamoto and N. Matsuda: "An update about recent developments of the PHITS code" Adv. Space Res. 45, 892-899 (2010).
- K. Shibata, O. Iwamoto, T. Nakagawa, N. Iwamoto, A. Ichihara, S. Kunieda, S. Chiba, K. Furutaka, N. Otuka, T. Ohsawa, H. Matsunobu, A. Zukeran, S. Kamada and J. Katakura: "JENDL-4.0: A New Library for Nuclear Science and Engineering", to be published to J. Nucl. Sci. Technol.
- K. Okumura et.al. "The Libraries FSXLIB and MATXSLIB based on JENDL-4.0" tobe appeared in JAEA-Data/Code (2010).
NEA-1857/01, included references:
- Koji Niita, Norihiro Matsuda, Yosuke Iwamoto, Hiroshi Iwase, Tatsuhiko Sato,
Hiroshi Nakashima,Yukio Sakamoto And Lembit Sihver:
PHITS: Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System, Version 2.23 (October 4,
2010, JAEA-Data/Code 2010-022)
- Koji Niita:
ANGEL Ver. 4.31 User's Manual
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11. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:  There are no specific requirements for executing PHITS2.
NEA-1857/01
At the NEA DB, PHITS-2.24L was tested on:

- COMPUTER: Dell w710 w/ Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU L5520 @ 2.27GHz (For LINUX)
- OPERATING SYSTEM: Linux under Dell w710
- COMPILER: gnu g77 compiler (linux)
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12. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE(S) USED
Package ID Computer language
NEA-1857/01 FORTRAN-77
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13. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

Operating system should be Windows (XP or higher) or Linux.
For executing PHITS2 on Windows PC, an executable file (PHITS_c.exe) and JAVA control application (PHITSStation.jar) are included in this package. For Linux, users must compile the program using "make" command. Various FORTRAN compilers such as f77, g77, gfortran and ifort can be used for the compile. PHITS2 can be also executed in parallel computers using the MPI system.
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14. OTHER PROGRAMMING OR OPERATING INFORMATION OR RESTRICTIONS
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15. NAME AND ESTABLISHMENT OF AUTHORS

Koji Niita
Research Organization for Information Science and Technology, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
Norihiro Matsuda, Yosuke Iwamoto, Tatsuhiko Sato, Hiroshi Nakashima, Yukio Sakamoto, Satoshi Chiba, Tokio Fukahori and Keisuke Okumura
Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
Hiroshi Iwase
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Lembit Sihver
Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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16. MATERIAL AVAILABLE
NEA-1857/01
read.me.phits224L.engl : Readme file in English
read.me.phits224L.sjis : Readme file in Japanese
bin/    angel4.bat  : Windows angel batch file
        angel4.sh   : UNIX angel shell
        angel_c.exe : Windows angel executable file
        dump_a.exe  : Windows dump executable file
        phits.bat   : Windows phits batch file
        phits_c.exe : Windows phits executable file
data/   trxcrd.dat  : data for gamma decay
        GDRxsec.inp : data for photonuclear reaction in GDR region
        xsdir.jnd   : nuclear data library file
doc/    manual-phits2e.pdf  : phits manual
        manual-angel4e.pdf  : angel manual (There is no change in users' manual
for Ver.2.24 compared with JAEA-Data/Code 2010-022.)
        manual-phits2e.pdf  : phits manual in Japanese
        manual-angel4e.pdf  : angel manual in Japanese
example/example01.in  : sample input file without nuclear data
        example02.in  : sample input file with nuclear data
        ans-example/  : output files
src/    source files, include files, makefile
        dump-a.f, dump program
XS/     evaluated nuclear data for neutrons (JENDL-4.0)
        fxsj40a1    : nuclear data file in ACE format
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17. CATEGORIES
  • J. Gamma Heating and Shield Design
  • W. Physics

Keywords: Monte Carlo method, heavy ions, nuclear data, nuclear reactions, particle transport.