CCC-0504 PRESTO-II.

1. NAME OR DESIGNATION OF PROGRAM:  PRESTO-II.

3. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM OR FUNCTION

PRESTO-II evaluates possible health effects from shallow-land and waste-disposal trenches. The model is intended to serve as a non- site-specific screening model for assessing radionuclide transport, ensuing exposure, and health impacts to a static local population fora 1000-year period following the end of disposal operations. Human exposure scenarios considered include normal releases (including leaching and operational spillage), human intrusion, and limited site farming or  reclamation. Pathways and processes of transit from the trench to an individual or population include ground-water transport, overland flow, erosion, surface water dilution, suspension, atmospheric transport, deposition, inhalation, external exposure, and ingestion  of contaminated beef, milk, crops, and water. Both population doses  and individual doses, as well as doses to the intruder and farmer, may be calculated. Cumulative health effects in terms of cancer deaths are calculated for the population over the 1000-year period using a life-table approach developed by EPA (CCC-422/RADRISK). The  DARTAB model is used in modified form to generate human health risk  estimates from radionuclide concentrations and intake values.

4. METHOD OF SOLUTION

PRESTO-II tracks radionuclide transport through surface and subsurface pathways and human exposures through external exposure, inhalation, and ingestion with a resolution of 1y. The methodology is mechanistic, and physical transport processes are modeled separately and in detail. PRESTO-II computes infiltration through the trench cap from experimentally determined permeability and hourly precipitation values. Watershed infiltration is determined using a parametric evapotranspiration equation requiring  input values for several site variables. A finite element approach is used to compute trench water balance.

5. RESTRICTIONS ON THE COMPLEXITY OF THE PROBLEM

The PRESTO-II model  is most appropriately used as a screening model, and site specific codes should be considered in cases where PRESTO-II numerical results fall close to reference values used for decision making. Some release and transport scenarios, such as those necessary to consider major meteorological changes, mining of the trench contents, in-situ combustion of trench wastes, and intrusion and radionuclide transport by burrowing animals or plant roots are not considered in the PRESTO-II model and code.
   It should be noted that PRESTO-PREP runs only on the PDP-10.

6. TYPICAL RUNNING TIME

The sample case compiled, linked and executed on the IBM 3033 in less than 1.5 CPU minutes.

NEA-DB implemented the program on DEC VAX 8810 and IBM 3090/600 computers. The test case included in this package ran on VAX in 45 seconds and on IBM in 14 seconds of CPU time.

7. UNUSUAL FEATURES OF THE PROGRAM:

8. RELATED AND AUXILIARY PROGRAMS

PRESTP-PREP: Data preprocessor for PRESTO-II accesses radionuclide                 data bases to prepare a radionuclide data set.
RADFMT: Converts RADRISK.BCD data file to unformatted records                for use by PRESTO-II.
DATA LIBRARY:
  RADRISK.BCD: 1981 version of dose and risk factors for
               radionuclides written by CCC422/RADRISK for use with
               the DARTAB Calculation in PRESTO-II.

10. REFERENCES

- C.L. Begovich, K.F. Eckerman, E.C. Schlatter, S.Y. Ohr, R.O.
  Chester
  "DARTAB, A Program to Combine Airbone Radionuclide Environmental
  Exposure Data with Dosimetric and Health Effects Data to Generate
  Tabulations of Predicted Health Impacts,"
  ORNL-5692 (August 1981).
- D.E. Dunning, Jr., R.W. Leggett, M.G. Yalcintas
  "A Combined Methodology for Estimating Dose Rates and Health
  Effects from Exposure to Radioactive Pollutants,"
  ORNL/TM-7105 (December 1980).

- D.E. Fields et al.:
  PRESTO-II: A Low-Level Waste Environmental Transport and Risk
  Assessment Code.
  ORNL-5970  (April 1986)
- M.A. Bell, C.J. Emerson, D.E. Fields:
  "PRESTO-PREP: A Data Preprocessor for the PRESTO-II Code"
  ORNL-5981 (July 1984)

11. MACHINE REQUIREMENTS

PRESTO-II is operable on the IBM 3033. PRESTO-PREP runs on the PDP-10.

To run the test case on IBM 3090, 1100K bytes of main storage were required.

13. OPERATING SYSTEM UNDER WHICH PROGRAM IS EXECUTED

PRESTO-II compiled under OS/VS2 using the IBM VS compiler and language level 66 option.

VMS V5.1-1 (VAX 8810); MVS (IBM 3090).

14. OTHER PROGRAMMING OR OPERATING INFORMATION OR RESTRICTIONS:

15. NAME AND ESTABLISHMENT OF AUTHORS

           Oak Ridge National Laboratory
           Oak Ridge, Tennessee

File name	File description	Records
CCC0504_01.001	Package information file	300
CCC0504_01.002	VAX command file. Com.,link, run PRESTO-PREP	15
CCC0504_01.003	IBM JCL SEQUENCE. Com.,link, run PRESTO-PREP	125
CCC0504_01.004	PRESTO-PREP FORTRAN source.	200
CCC0504_01.005	MASFIL.DAT, PRESTO-PREP unit 10 input file.	220
CCC0504_01.006	USRFIL.DAT, PRESTO-PREP unit 11 input file.	22
CCC0504_01.007	PRESTO-PREP unit 8 output file.	60
CCC0504_01.008	PRESTO-PREP unit 9 output file.	113
CCC0504_01.009	VAX command file, comp., link and run RADFMT	11
CCC0504_01.010	IBM JCL file: comp.,link & execute RADFMT	114
CCC0504_01.011	RADFMT FORTRAN source.	27
CCC0504_01.012	RADRISK BCD version of data library	73914
CCC0504_01.013	VAX comm. file,PRESTO-II. Comp.,link,execute	10
CCC0504_01.014	IBM JCL file: comp.,link & excute PRESTO-II	118
CCC0504_01.015	PRESTO-II FORTRAN source	6837
CCC0504_01.016	PRESTO-II sample problem input	331
CCC0504_01.017	PRESTO-II sample problem output	3571