NESC0699 ORSIM.
ORSIM, Nuclear Fuel, Fossil Fuel Hydroelectric Power Plant Cost and Economics
NAME OR DESIGNATION OF PROGRAM, COMPUTER, DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM OR FUNCTION, METHOD OF SOLUTION, RESTRICTIONS ON THE COMPLEXITY OF THE PROBLEM, TYPICAL RUNNING TIME, UNUSUAL FEATURES OF THE PROGRAM, RELATED AND AUXILIARY PROGRAMS, STATUS, REFERENCES, MACHINE REQUIREMENTS, LANGUAGE, OPERATING SYSTEM UNDER WHICH PROGRAM IS EXECUTED, OTHER PROGRAMMING OR OPERATING INFORMATION OR RESTRICTIONS, NAME AND ESTABLISHMENT OF AUTHOR, MATERIAL, CATEGORIES
[ top ]
[ top ]
To submit a request, click below on the link of the version you wish to order.
Only liaison officers are authorised to submit online requests. Rules for requesters are
available here.
| Program name | Package id | Status | Status date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ORSIM | NESC0699/02 | Tested | 23-FEB-1984 |
Machines used:
| Package ID | Orig. computer | Test computer |
|---|---|---|
| NESC0699/02 | IBM 3081 | IBM 3081 |
[ top ]
3. DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM OR FUNCTION
ORSIM is an electric power generating system integration model which simulates the multi-year operation of a mixed power system consisting of fossil, nuclear, hydroelectric, and pumped-storage units. For any specified refueling schedule for nuclear units and future load forecast, the model determines a plan of operation for the system which attempts to minimize the total discounted operating cost over a specified study period.
The analysis considers the effects of forced outages, spinning reserve operating constraints, and scheduled introduction and retirement of generating stations. The model determines a maintenance schedule for the non-nuclear stations (nuclear stations are maintained during refueling outages) and the optimum allocation of energy-fixed nuclear and hydroelectric resources. It calculates the expected energy generated by each station in the system, by period over the planning horizon, based on input or calculated incremental operating cost. It also calculates the expected loss-of- load probability and unserved energy demand for each period in the planning horizon. An optimum operating plan, designed to minimize th discounted total production cost, is then calculated, as are the costs of operating each station in the system and the discounted total production cost for the derived plan of operation.
ORSIM is an electric power generating system integration model which simulates the multi-year operation of a mixed power system consisting of fossil, nuclear, hydroelectric, and pumped-storage units. For any specified refueling schedule for nuclear units and future load forecast, the model determines a plan of operation for the system which attempts to minimize the total discounted operating cost over a specified study period.
The analysis considers the effects of forced outages, spinning reserve operating constraints, and scheduled introduction and retirement of generating stations. The model determines a maintenance schedule for the non-nuclear stations (nuclear stations are maintained during refueling outages) and the optimum allocation of energy-fixed nuclear and hydroelectric resources. It calculates the expected energy generated by each station in the system, by period over the planning horizon, based on input or calculated incremental operating cost. It also calculates the expected loss-of- load probability and unserved energy demand for each period in the planning horizon. An optimum operating plan, designed to minimize th discounted total production cost, is then calculated, as are the costs of operating each station in the system and the discounted total production cost for the derived plan of operation.
[ top ]
4. METHOD OF SOLUTION
ORSIM searches for a particular mode of operation which, over a multi-year planning horizon, will minimize the total system operating cost of a particular electric power generation system discounted to the beginning of the planning horizon. It does this by:
(a) calculating the planned maintenance outages for all units; (b) estimating the incremental discounted cost of energy produced by each station in the system for every subinterval of the planning horizon;
(c) utilizing the incremental discounted costs of energy generation to calculate, via probabilistic simulation, the economic optimum energies generated by each station in the system in each subinterval of the planning horizon;
(d) utilizing these expected energies in a feeedback loop to calculate the total discounted operation cost and to produce a new set of incremental discounted costs, thereby setting the stage for the next iteration.
ORSIM searches for a particular mode of operation which, over a multi-year planning horizon, will minimize the total system operating cost of a particular electric power generation system discounted to the beginning of the planning horizon. It does this by:
(a) calculating the planned maintenance outages for all units; (b) estimating the incremental discounted cost of energy produced by each station in the system for every subinterval of the planning horizon;
(c) utilizing the incremental discounted costs of energy generation to calculate, via probabilistic simulation, the economic optimum energies generated by each station in the system in each subinterval of the planning horizon;
(d) utilizing these expected energies in a feeedback loop to calculate the total discounted operation cost and to produce a new set of incremental discounted costs, thereby setting the stage for the next iteration.
[ top ]
5. RESTRICTIONS ON THE COMPLEXITY OF THE PROBLEM
Maxima of -
90 nuclear stations
90 must-run stations (i.e., stations which must operate at a
specified capacity level when available)
90 two-piece stations (i.e., stations considered to be divided into two capacity blocks in the loading order calculation)
90 stations per system
90 maintenance seasons
Maxima of -
90 nuclear stations
90 must-run stations (i.e., stations which must operate at a
specified capacity level when available)
90 two-piece stations (i.e., stations considered to be divided into two capacity blocks in the loading order calculation)
90 stations per system
90 maintenance seasons
[ top ]
6. TYPICAL RUNNING TIME
The sample problem runs in about 11 CPU minutes on both an IBM370/195 and an IBM3033. A one-year simulation problem is executed in approximately 7 minutes on an IBM360/91, printing nearly 5000 lines and issuing about 6000 I/O requests.
The sample problem runs in about 11 CPU minutes on both an IBM370/195 and an IBM3033. A one-year simulation problem is executed in approximately 7 minutes on an IBM360/91, printing nearly 5000 lines and issuing about 6000 I/O requests.
NESC0699/02
NEA-DB executed the test case included in the package on IBM 3081 in 3 min 14.2 sec of CPU time.[ top ]
7. UNUSUAL FEATURES OF THE PROGRAM
Applications of ORSIM to utility planning problems demonstrate that the model is well-suited for investigating exploration of preselected strategic operating plans over a range of conditions, economic interpretation of restrictions and policies, and sensitivity analyses to determine critical system parameters. Some examples include:
(a) evaluation of alternative plant addition schedules to meet system growth,
(b) evaluation of the cost effects of construction delays, nuclear plant de-ratings, and changes in refueling schedules, and
(c) assessment of the effects of proposed fuel policy changes on utility costs.
Applications of ORSIM to utility planning problems demonstrate that the model is well-suited for investigating exploration of preselected strategic operating plans over a range of conditions, economic interpretation of restrictions and policies, and sensitivity analyses to determine critical system parameters. Some examples include:
(a) evaluation of alternative plant addition schedules to meet system growth,
(b) evaluation of the cost effects of construction delays, nuclear plant de-ratings, and changes in refueling schedules, and
(c) assessment of the effects of proposed fuel policy changes on utility costs.
[ top ]
[ top ]
NESC0699/02, included references:
- J.C. Turnage, B.E. Prince, D.S. Joy and L.L. Bennet:The Oak Ridge System Integration Model (ORSIM) for Optimization
of Utility Generation Planning.
ORNL-TM-4506 (October 1975).
- B.E. Prince and J.C. Turnage:
Use of Incremental Energy Costs and Loading Order Rules in the
ORSIM Procedure for Midrange Optimization of Electric Utility
Operations.
ORNL-TM-4507 (October 1975).
[ top ]
[ top ]
[ top ]
14. OTHER PROGRAMMING OR OPERATING INFORMATION OR RESTRICTIONS
The
Assembly language subprograms IPACK and IFLD are used for packing storage files. Sample problem output may produce slight differences from those shown in the manual if the FORTRAN IV H-Extended compiler is used rather than the FORTRANIV H compiler. The program terminates when an end-of-file is encountered on the input unit.
The
Assembly language subprograms IPACK and IFLD are used for packing storage files. Sample problem output may produce slight differences from those shown in the manual if the FORTRAN IV H-Extended compiler is used rather than the FORTRANIV H compiler. The program terminates when an end-of-file is encountered on the input unit.
[ top ]
[ top ]
NESC0699/02
| File name | File description | Records |
|---|---|---|
| NESC0699_02.003 | ORSIM INFORMATION FILE | 66 |
| NESC0699_02.004 | ORSIM SOURCE (FORTRAN-4) CARD IMAGES | 3973 |
| NESC0699_02.006 | ORSIM SOURCE (ASSEMBLER) CARD IMAGES | 56 |
| NESC0699_02.007 | ORSIM JCL | 74 |
| NESC0699_02.008 | ORSIM INPUT FOR TEST CASE | 591 |
| NESC0699_02.009 | ORSIM PRINTED OUTPUT OF TEST CASE | 13478 |
| NESC0699_02.010 | ORSIM PUNCHED CARD OUTPUT OF TEST CASE | 720 |
Keywords: economics, electric utilities, fossil-fuel power plants, hydroelectric power plants, nuclear power plants, optimization, planning, power generation, power plants.